After affecting HIV-1, the antigen sex material that airframe codes in the light of HIV-1 gene produces corresponding antibody, in clinical on it is important to have diagnose those who learn a meaning basically is antigen of encode of antagonism structure gene (like Gpl60, gpl20, gp41, p66, p55, p51, p31, p24, p17) antibody.
　　
Because the chroma of all sorts of individual difference, virus protein and antigen sex are strong weak different reach different and individual all differ somewhat to the reactivity of different antigen composition, because this generation time of corresponding antibody is mixed different and individual the presence such as respondent to the immunity of identical antigen composition intensity is constant difference, in addition, detect method and the sensitivity of use reagent differ to give time to produce certain effect to the check of HIV-l antibody. After affecting HIV-1, in patient serum most appear first P24 antigen, of afterwards, all sorts of HIV-1 antigen can reach a peak; After 2-6 week, as HIV-l antibody generation and pH indicator increase ceaselessly, HIV-l antigen hasten is reduced or do not detect gradually piece. Clinical and general is experiment of adsorption of enzymatic couplet immunity (ELISA) , immune print law (WesternBlot) with the fast diagnostic that begins promotion at present.


The agent of test of HIV antibody check that is used at the test is being screened first must be HIV-1/2 mix model, classics Ministry of Public Health is approved or register, it is inside period of efficacy, through approving check calibrating qualification, into oral the agent still must ask to offer certificate of conformity of calibrating of place of calibrating of import licence and Chinese biological product.

Reagent of city carry out can divide roughly it is the following kinds:

generation reagent: Content of splitting decomposition of use HIV whole virus is antigen, principle of applied indirect method detects HIV antibody. Be like the HIV-PA reagent that Japanese Fuji company produces.

The 2nd acting reagent: Use recombine artificially in what convey in bacterium or fungus or antigen of HIV of chemical synthesis polypeptide, principle of applied indirect method detects HIV antibody. Gene recombines to be easily normally in education radical production is the same as source sex antigen in great quantities, the product is single goal gene and blame diversity antigen mixes, particularity prep above generation reagent.

The 3rd acting reagent: Antigen of HIV of use synthesis polypeptide (minority is used recombine antigen) , apply double antigen (or double antibody) principle of with filling law detects HIV antibody (or antigen) . Because label HIV antigen can detect at the same time antibody of the HIV-1 IgG in serum, IgM, IgA, the sensitivity of this kind of reagent and particularity all the indirect method that excel mark fights person immunity globulin.
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